Lack of Association Between Migraine Headache and Patent Foramen Ovale
Further information: Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult: Interventional Therapy (see p311) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
One of the most controversial issues in cardiology in recent years has been to define the indications for closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO). The newest indication for closure of the PFO has been to control migraine headaches. Not uncommon, PFOs have been found to occur in 10–25% of the population in the USA, and as much as 6% of the male population and 15–18% of the female population suffer from migraine headaches. Observational studies have suggested a pathophysiologic relationship in the prevalence of migraine headaches in …
Bleeding Complications with Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Among Patients with Risk Factors For or Stable Vascular Disease (CHARISMA)
Further information: Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization: Impact on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (see p1073) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
Results of the Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischemic Stabilization, Management, and Avoidance (CHARISMA) trial were published in 2006 in The New England Journal of Medicine [1] and the trial was the longest and largest study ever conducted to evaluate the risks of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with either …
Effects of Homocysteine-Lowering with Folic Acid Plus Vit B12 on Mortality and Morbidity in MI Survivors
Further information: Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis, Morphology, and Risk Factors (see p1593) and Hematologic Disease and Heart Disease (see p2409) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
The Study of the Effectiveness of Additional Reductions in Cholesterol and Homocysteine (SEARCH) trial was conducted to evaluate whether lowering blood levels of homocysteine with folic acid plus vitamin B12 had a protective effect in preventing cardiovascular disease and stroke [1]. Although earlier observational studies […
Microemboli and Microvascular Obstruction in Acute Coronary Thrombosis and Sudden Coronary Death
Further information: Coronary Artery Disease: Pathologic Anatomy and Pathogenesis (see p593), Arterial Compliance (see p1811), Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter (see p1955), and Sudden Cardiac Death (see p2039) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
In 1985 and 1986 respectively, two articles were published in Circulation […
B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and the Effect of Ranolazine in Patients with Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
Further information: Medical Treatment of Unstable Angina, Acute Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, and Coronary Artery Spasm (see p937), Pathophysiology and Clinical Impact of Diastolic Heart Failure (see p1201) and Dilated Cardiomyopathy (see p1233) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
This article [1] contains observations from the Metabolic Efficiency with Ranolazine for Less Ischemia in Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary-Thrombolysis in …
Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Utility of Noninvasive Testing for Coronary Artery Disease
Further information: Exercise Testing (see p729),
Coronary Angiography (see p745),
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease (see p811)
and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Utilizing Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Techniques (see p841) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
At University Medical Center in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, investigators conducted an observational study […
Lenient Versus Strict Rate Control in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (RACE II)
Further information: Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter (see p1955) and Antiarrhythmic Drugs (see p2085) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
In order to compare two heart rate control strategies in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation, a randomized, multicenter, open-label, prospective, noninferiority trial was conducted at 33 centers in the Netherlands. Recruitment for the Rate Control Efficacy in Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: A Comparison Between Lenient versus Strict Rate Control II (RACE II) trial began in January of 2005 and ended in June of 2007 […
Effect of Valsartan and Nateglinide on the Incidence of Diabetes and CV Events
Further information: Endocrine Disorders and the Heart (see p2295) and Cardiovascular Complications of Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome (see p2693) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
Although published in the two separate papers listed above, the effects of Valsartan and Nateglinide were studied in the same trial entitled, “Nateglinide and Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR)” [1, …
Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Implantation of Drug-Eluting Stents
Further information: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction (see p1021) and Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents (see p1031) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
Current guidelines for patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) recommend that patients who are not at risk of bleeding should be given clopidogrel (anti-platelet therapy), 75 mg daily, for 12 months following their procedure. However, the length of time that anti-platelet therapy should be further extended beyond 12 months has not been determined. The current study […
Effects of Combination Lipid Therapy and Intensive Blood-Pressure Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Further information: Hypertension (see p1833) and Endocrine Disorders and the Heart (see p2295) from Cardiovascular Medicine, 3rd Edn*
This review features two studies focusing on patients with diabetes mellitus that were recently presented at the American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions in Atlanta. Both segments of the ACCORD trial are summarized here.
The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) [1] was conducted in diabetic patients who were at high-risk of …
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